Title |
The neuroethology of friendship
|
---|---|
Published in |
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, December 2013
|
DOI | 10.1111/nyas.12315 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Lauren J.N. Brent, Steve W.C. Chang, Jean‐François Gariépy, Michael L. Platt |
Abstract |
Friendship pervades the human social landscape. These bonds are so important that disrupting them leads to health problems, and difficulties forming or maintaining friendships attend neuropsychiatric disorders like autism and depression. Other animals also have friends, suggesting that friendship is not solely a human invention but is instead an evolved trait. A neuroethological approach applies behavioral, neurobiological, and molecular techniques to explain friendship with reference to its underlying mechanisms, development, evolutionary origins, and biological function. Recent studies implicate a shared suite of neural circuits and neuromodulatory pathways in the formation, maintenance, and manipulation of friendships across humans and other animals. Health consequences and reproductive advantages in mammals additionally suggest that friendship has adaptive benefits. We argue that understanding the neuroethology of friendship in humans and other animals brings us closer to knowing fully what it means to be human. |
X Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United States | 10 | 31% |
Germany | 2 | 6% |
France | 2 | 6% |
United Kingdom | 2 | 6% |
Italy | 1 | 3% |
Brazil | 1 | 3% |
Saudi Arabia | 1 | 3% |
Australia | 1 | 3% |
Switzerland | 1 | 3% |
Other | 2 | 6% |
Unknown | 9 | 28% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 20 | 63% |
Scientists | 8 | 25% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 2 | 6% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 2 | 6% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Portugal | 2 | <1% |
United States | 2 | <1% |
Switzerland | 1 | <1% |
Netherlands | 1 | <1% |
Senegal | 1 | <1% |
Italy | 1 | <1% |
Spain | 1 | <1% |
United Kingdom | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 316 | 97% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Student > Ph. D. Student | 66 | 20% |
Student > Bachelor | 47 | 14% |
Researcher | 43 | 13% |
Student > Master | 35 | 11% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 24 | 7% |
Other | 47 | 14% |
Unknown | 64 | 20% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Psychology | 68 | 21% |
Agricultural and Biological Sciences | 63 | 19% |
Social Sciences | 31 | 10% |
Medicine and Dentistry | 23 | 7% |
Neuroscience | 23 | 7% |
Other | 40 | 12% |
Unknown | 78 | 24% |