Title |
Re-starting smoking in the postpartum period after receiving a smoking cessation intervention: a systematic review
|
---|---|
Published in |
Addiction, March 2016
|
DOI | 10.1111/add.13309 |
Pubmed ID | |
Authors |
Matthew Jones, Sarah Lewis, Steve Parrott, Stephen Wormall, Tim Coleman |
Abstract |
In pregnant smoking cessation trial participants, to estimate (1) among women abstinent at the end of pregnancy, the proportion who re-start smoking at time-points afterwards (primary analysis) and (2) among all trial participants, the proportion smoking at the end of pregnancy and at selected time-points during the postpartum period (secondary analysis). Trials identified from two Cochrane reviews plus searches of Medline and EMBASE. Twenty-seven trials were included. The included trials were randomized or quasi-randomized trials of within-pregnancy cessation interventions given to smokers who reported abstinence both at end of pregnancy and at one or more defined time-points after birth. Outcomes were validated biochemically and self-reported continuous abstinence from smoking and 7-day point prevalence abstinence. The primary random-effects meta-analysis used longitudinal data to estimate mean pooled proportions of re-starting smoking; a secondary analysis used cross-sectional data to estimate the mean proportions smoking at different postpartum time-points. Subgroup analyses were performed on biochemically validated abstinence. The pooled mean proportion re-starting at 6 months postpartum was 43% [95% confidence interval (CI) = 16-72%, I(2) = 96.7%] (11 trials, 571 abstinent women). The pooled mean proportion smoking at the end of pregnancy was 87% (95% CI = 84-90%, I(2) = 93.2%) and 94% (95% CI = 92-96%, I(2) = 88%) at 6 months postpartum (23 trials, 9262 trial participants). Findings were similar when using biochemically validated abstinence. In clinical trials of smoking cessation interventions during pregnancy only 13% are abstinent at term. Of these, 43% re-start by 6 months postpartum. |
Twitter Demographics
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
United Kingdom | 9 | 41% |
United States | 3 | 14% |
Canada | 1 | 5% |
France | 1 | 5% |
Germany | 1 | 5% |
Unknown | 7 | 32% |
Demographic breakdown
Type | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Members of the public | 14 | 64% |
Practitioners (doctors, other healthcare professionals) | 3 | 14% |
Scientists | 3 | 14% |
Science communicators (journalists, bloggers, editors) | 2 | 9% |
Mendeley readers
Geographical breakdown
Country | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Denmark | 1 | <1% |
Unknown | 118 | 99% |
Demographic breakdown
Readers by professional status | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Researcher | 24 | 20% |
Student > Ph. D. Student | 19 | 16% |
Student > Master | 19 | 16% |
Student > Bachelor | 13 | 11% |
Student > Doctoral Student | 5 | 4% |
Other | 16 | 13% |
Unknown | 23 | 19% |
Readers by discipline | Count | As % |
---|---|---|
Medicine and Dentistry | 28 | 24% |
Nursing and Health Professions | 20 | 17% |
Social Sciences | 13 | 11% |
Psychology | 12 | 10% |
Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Science | 3 | 3% |
Other | 8 | 7% |
Unknown | 35 | 29% |